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There are five main distinctions:
| Congenital deafblindness - people born with a visual and hearing impairment. |
| People born with a visual impairment who acquire a hearing impairment later in life. |
| People born with a hearing impairment who acquire a visual impairment later in life. |
| People born profoundly deaf (who may use British Sign Language) and later acquire a visual impairment. |
| People who acquire both visual and hearing impairments later in life. |
Each of the above groups of people will have different needs, for example, a person born with a hearing impairment may use sign language as their main method of receptive and expressive communication. If they acquire a visual impairment it might be necessary to support them in learning a more tactile form of communication. People who acquire both visual and hearing impairments later in life may need specialist support to enable them to maintain their independence.